![]() If the MLA is present and functional while the individual is sitting or standing up on their toes, but this arch disappears when assuming a foot-flat stance, the individual has “supple” flatfoot. If the MLA is absent or nonfunctional in both the seated and standing positions, the individual has “rigid” flatfoot. As a result, the spring ligament and the tendon of the tibialis posterior muscle are stretched, so much so that the individual with pes planus loses the function of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA). In pes planus, the head of the talus bone is displaced medially and distal from the navicular. This association safeguards that a majority of the forces incurred during weight bearing of the foot can be dissipated before the force reaches the long bones of the leg and thigh. The arch provides an elastic, springy connection between the forefoot and the hind foot. There is a functional relationship between the structure of the arch of the foot and the biomechanics of the lower leg. ![]()
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